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Official Name of Niger: Republic of Niger
Government type in Niger: republic
Capital of Niger: Niamey
Primary Language in Niger: French
Currency in Niger: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc

Not until 1993, 33 years after independence from France, did Niger hold it's first free and open elections. A 1995 peace accord ended a five-year Tuareg insurgency in the north. Coups in 1996 and 1999 were followed by the creation of a National Reconciliation Council that effected a transition to civilian rule by December 1999. Landlocked; one of the hottest countries in the world: northern four-fifths is desert, southern one-fifth is savanna, suitable for livestock and limited agriculture.

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