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Official Name of China: People's Republic of China
Government type in China: Communist state
Capital of China: Beijing
Primary Language in China: Standard Chinese or Mandarin
Currency in China: yuan

For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences. But in the 19th and early 20th centuries, China was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the Communists under MAO Zedong established a dictatorship that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. After 1978, his successor DENG Xiaoping gradually introduced market-oriented reforms and decentralized economic decision-making. Output quadrupled by 2000. Political controls remain tight while economic controls continue to be relaxed. World's fourth-largest country (after Russia, Canada, and US); Mount Everest on the border with Nepal is the world's tallest peak.

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» Anshan
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» Baoshan
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