Shumensko Plato Nature Park, Bulgaria, Bulgaria

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Over the centuries the sun and the water have sculpted unique forms at the surface and underground ? whirlpools, pot-holes caves etc. There are about 60 registered caves on the plateau. The most attractive among them is called Biserna. It is situated at two levels and the length of the galleries is about 3,000 meters. The cave is remarkable for its karst formations. On the plateau itself there are no permanent surface waters but at its foot there are many karst springs. Forests cover more than 90% of the park?s area. Most of them are mixed broad-leaved forests, in which the oriental hornbeam prevails. There are also hornbeam, beech, Turkey oak, common maple, ash, silver lime, Oriental beech etc. Aiming at preservation of the population of Oriental beech the Reserve Bukaka was declared a protected territory in 1980 covering an area of 62.6 ha.

The strategic situation of the plateau on the east side of the Danube valley defines its significant role in the history of the country. Naturally fortified and protected, it was inhabited in the remote past. Many of the caves served as dwellings for the people in the stone-copper epoch. Remnants of some Thracian villages have been discovered dating back to the 4th to 2nd centuries B.C. On the slopes of the plateau cliff monasteries, churches and monk cells have been preserved. They were connected with the religious and cultural life during the Second Bulgarian kingdom. The most significant historical and archeological site on the territory of the park is the Shoumen fortress (the Old city), which has survived nearly 3,000 years.

The Nature Park Shoumesnko plato is an attractive place for recreation, sport and tourism the whole year round. It has a well developed infrastructure and numerous tourist trails which cross the park and lead to interesting and attractive nature formations, historic monuments, rock phenomena and tourist hostels. There are tourists? shelters in the park and at places with a panoramic view there are alcoves, benches, tables and fountains which facilitate the recreation of the visitors.

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